Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor is a post-translational modification that anchors the modified protein in the outer face of the cell membrane. These membrane-anchoring glycolipids contain phosphatidylinositol, which is where it gets its name from. Proteins are anchored to the outer face of the plasma membrane by glycolipids attached to their C-terminus, the GPI anchor is connected to the C-terminus amino acid by an ethanolamine, which is connected to three mannose and one glucosamine residue (oligosaccharide).
| The Cell and Molecular Approach by Geoffrey M. Cooper |
Translocon is a complex of proteins associated with the translocation of polypeptides. The polypeptides chains go through this membrane channel to get transported into the endoplasmic reticulum, through which they then go to the Golgi to the plasma membrane or lysosome. These membrane channels can transport and accommodate to many protein substrates while maintaining the permeability of the membrane.
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| The Cell and Molecular Approach by Geoffrey M. Cooper |
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Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that act as a degradation station. These membrane-bound organelles contain digestive enzymes used to break down excessive or worn-out cell parts. Lysosomes are responsible for removing waste and destroying a cell after it dies through a process called autolysis. They can also help with a process called apoptosis, in which the cell self-destructs if it is damaged beyond repair.
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C, L. (2016, September 8). Centriole. thatbiologist. Retrieved February 10, 2023, from https://thatbiologist.wordpress.com/tag/centriole/ |
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